This study analyzes not only the policies of North Korea in domestic, economic, and social areas, but also its policies toward the United States from 1997, when North Korea's collapse theory had rose to its peak in the South Korean society, to 2007, ten years later since then. In 1997, Kim Jong Il was inaugurated as the General Secretary of Workers' Party of Korea, the highest position in the party-state, after finishing the three-year-mourning of his father, Kim Il Sung. Following his inauguration, 'Sungun jungchi (Military-first politics)’ appeared in Rodong Shinmun for the first time in late 1997, representing Kim’s ruling method. The North Korean economy has gradually revived since 1997; however, the second North Korean nuclear crisis in October 2002 dragged North Korea back into a slump in spite of the 'July 1st Economic Management Improvement Measures' and series of opening actions. North Korea pressed on a nuclear test in October 2006 against the Bush administration's hard-line policy, which then resulted in the conversion of Bush administration's policy toward North Korea and direct conversation between the two, eventually reaching the February 13 agreement and the October 3 agreement relating to the North Korean nuclear problem in 2007. Consequently, denuclearization of the Korean peninsula proceeded and the foreign security environment of North Korea improved remarkably. Moreover, North Korea could present an ambitious goal of opening the doors to a great, prosperous and powerful country in 2012 by adopting the October 4, 2007 Joint Declaration in the second North-South Korea summit talks,which contained a progressed agreement for developing and promoting relationship between North and South Korea.
North Korea shows contrastive gaps between 1997 and 2007 in many ways. Within ten years, the leadership of Kim Jong Il was acknowledged by the outside world. North Korea has experimented reforms and opening of the state economically, but it has had to face the widening gap between haves and have-nots in the course. Socially, individualism has been slowly pervasive in North Korean people, but democratic criticism of the society has remained in an underdeveloped state. In foreign relations, North Korea has gone through severe conflicts with its neighbors on the nuclear issue; however, North Korea has finally allured the United States to the negotiation table. In addition, significant changes in inter-Korean relations has occurred; for example, the exchange and cooperation between two Koreas has revitalized unprecedentedly, and the North Korean strategy toward South Korea has been steered toward a positive direction. The elaborate analyses of these-changes-in-ten-years will provide us with important and fundamental materials when we put the changes of North Korea in the next ten years into perspective.
No : 2008-05
Publishing Company : The Sejong Institute
Date of Publication : 2008.10.17
Number Of Pages : 227 Page
Price : 15000 Won